7790-98-9

CAS Nr.:

7790-98-9

Ammoniumperchlorat

EINECS Name:

Ammoniumperchlorat

232-235-1

EINECS Nr.:

232-235-1

Perchlorsäure, Ammonium-Salz

Synonym:

Perchlorsäure, Ammonium-Salz

Ammonium perchlorate, with the chemical formula NH₄ClO₄ and CAS number 7790-98-9, is a white crystalline salt primarily known as a powerful oxidizing agent. Due to its unique properties, it plays a vital role in various industrial and technical applications.

Physical Properties of Ammonium Perchlorate

Ammonium perchlorate appears as a fine, colorless to white powder. It is odorless and has a density of approximately 1.95 g/cm³. It decomposes upon melting at around 130 °C. Notably, it is highly soluble in water (about 209 g/L at 25 °C), while being nearly insoluble in organic solvents. Ammonium perchlorate is thermally unstable and decomposes to release oxygen, chlorine, and nitrogen – a characteristic that makes it a strong oxidizer.

Applications of Ammonium Perchlorate

The most well-known use of ammonium perchlorate is in aerospace and defense. It serves as the primary oxidizing agent in solid rocket propellants, especially in boosters for launch vehicles such as the Space Shuttle. When combined with aluminum as a fuel, it provides a high energy output.

In pyrotechnics, ammonium perchlorate is used to create intense light effects and controlled explosions. Its strong oxidizing power enables vibrant and powerful displays.

Due to its reactivity, ammonium perchlorate is used in certain military initiators and explosive mixtures. It enhances reaction speed and improves detonation properties.

In analytical chemistry, ammonium perchlorate is occasionally used as a reagent. It also plays a role in research on combustion processes and high-performance reactions.

Ammonium perchlorate is a highly reactive chemical raw material with diverse uses – from aerospace engineering and pyrotechnics to industrial and research applications.